Mick Shmazian is a highly respected expert in the field of mineralogy. He specializes in the identification and analysis of mineral deposits all over the world. He got his start researching mineral deposits in Australia—especially in the Pilbara region of North Western Australia. However, over the years he has worked on four continents: North America, Australia, Asia, and Africa. While there has recently been problems in the identification and development of new mineral deposits, Schmazian and many other industry experts think that this problem could be resolved by using newer technology and methods. Shmazian has been at the forefront of this solution—he has used the information he has gathered over years of research to compile an expansive database of mineral deposits worldwide.
When the Roman Empire arrived on the scene in Europe, mining had been in use for millennia. However, it was a very crude form of mining which simply made use of any minerals which were exposed on the surface. This process was both inefficient and low-yield. The Romans pushed mining further by following the veins of those minerals underground—thus creating what is thought to be the first mining shafts. This allowed them to harvest far more gold, silver, and tin than ever before. It was a revolutionary method, but this was not the only way the Romans would change the practices of mining. They also made use of aqueducts, another Roman invention, in order to bring water to the mouths of the mining shafts. This water would then be used to remove debris from the cave through a process called hushing.
Hushing was a technique that was first used by the Romans. It required a great deal of water which, as aforementioned, the Romans often brought in with aqueducts. Large volumes of water were pushed into the mining shaft in order to clear out unwanted debris. Fire-setting was also used to aid the process—they heated the rocks in order to further expose the mineral. These methods made mining much simpler and quicker in the long run.
Underground mining meant that the Romans would occasionally penetrate the water table, flooding their mining shaft with the locals’ water. The Romans needed a way to remove this water and a solution was found in the water wheel. Reverse overshot water wheels were powered by workers and used to drain mineshafts of the water that flooded them. The water wheel was very effective in removing large quantities of water, as well as helping to ventilate mines after fires had been set.
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